REALISATION EN EPC D’ INSTALLATIONS DE PRODUCTION DE LINEAR-ALKYL-BENZENE << LAB>> A SKIKDA ALGERIE

CT-EPC/017/SH/EPM/RPC-X/2023

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4439-SZ-SG-000000002

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FIRE PROTECTION GENERAL SPECIFICATION

2

1

0

7/Nov/2024

IFF- Issued for Final

F. Scarioni

L. Gentile

MC. Ligouras

31/Jul/2024

IOC- Implementation of Comments

F. Scarioni

L. Gentile

MC. Ligouras

19/Apr/2024

IFA - Issued for Approval

F. Scarioni

L. Gentile

MC. Ligouras

Issue

Date

Reason for Issue – Revision Description

Prepared

Checked

Approved

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CONTENTS

1 PURPOSE … 3

2 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS … 3

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6

FEED DOCUMENTS… 3 CA/COMPANY DOCUMENTS … 4 LICENSOR DOCUMENTS … 4 CONTRACTOR DOCUMENTS … 4 INTERNATIONAL CODE AND STANDARDS … 5 ORDER OF PRECEDENCE … 5

3 ABBREVIATIONS … 6

4 DEFINITIONS … 6

5 PROJECT DESCRIPTION … 9

6 FIREFIGHTING SYSTEM CONFIGURATION/DESCRIPTION. … 11

7 DESIGN FEATURES … 12

7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6

EXTINGUISHING AGENT SELECTION … 12 FIRE WATER SYSTEM … 13 FOAM SYSTEM … 20 STEAM SYSTEM … 21 GAS EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM … 21 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS … 22

8

INTERVENTION AND RESCUE VEHICLES … 22

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1

PURPOSE

This firefighting document defines the philosophy to be adopted for the active firefighting system to be provided for the Realisation en EPC d’installations de production de Linear-Alkyl-Benzene (LAB) in Skikda Algeria.

This philosophy outlines the strategy and general requirements applied for active firefighting systems as: extinguishers, deluge systems, water network, etc as detailed in Chapter 6.

Personal Protective Equipment and Safety Showers are not included in the present document and will be detailed in the HSE General Specification Ref. [14].

This specification and the relevant Layouts apply to all areas in Contractor’s Scope of Work for New LAB Complex (DEV1). With reference to existing concerned areas (Skikda refinery (RA1K), Port of Skikda (PORT)), It is assumed that the existing Fire Fighting facilities, already present at the PORT and RA1K will be able to cover the Fire Water requirements associated with new pieces of equipment in Contractor SoW. It is assumed that the equipment will be protected by the existing monitors and/or hydrants.

2

REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

The following regulations and codes shall be applied in the design of the new Firefighting System.

2.1 FEED Documents

Ref.

[1]. [2]. [3]. [4]. [5].

[6].

[7].

[8].

[9].

[10].

[11].

[12].

[13].

Document Title Fire Water Demand Calculation – LAB Complex Fire Water Demand Calculation – RA1K Refinery Fire Water Demand Calculation – Port Area Fire Fighting Layout - Dev1 Lab Complex FIRE FIGHTING LAYOUT - PROCESS UNIT (UOP) - LAB COMPLEX - UNIT: 100/200/300 FIRE FIGHTING LAYOUT - PROCESS UNIT (UOP) - LAB COMPLEX - UNIT: 400/500/600 FIRE FIGHTING LAYOUT - PROCESS UNIT (UOP) - LAB COMPLEX - UNIT: 700 FIRE FIGHTING LAYOUT - PROCESS UNIT (UOP) - LAB COMPLEX - UNIT: 835, 890 & 965 FIRE FIGHTING LAYOUT - UTILITIES AND OFFSITES UNITS

• LAB COMPLEX - UNIT 910 - UNIT 920 (BENZENE DRAG) FIRE FIGHTING LAYOUT - UTILITIES AND OFFSITES UNITS
• LAB COMPLEX - UNIT 920 FIRE FIGHTING LAYOUT - UTILITIES AND OFFSITES UNITS
• LAB COMPLEX - UNIT 930 FIRE FIGHTING LAYOUT - UTILITIES AND OFFSITES UNITS
• LAB COMPLEX - UNIT 950 - UOP CHEMICAL STORAGE SAFETY AND FIRE FIGHTING PHILOSOPHY

Document Code 1CD1673A-8140-CA-LABK-0001 1CD1673A-8140-CA-PORT-0001 1CD1673A-8140-CA-RA1K-0001 1CD1673A-8140-29-LABK-0001 1CD1673A-8140-29-0050-0001

1CD1673A-8140-29-0050-0002

1CD1673A-8140-29-0050-0003

1CD1673A-8140-29-0050-0004

1CD1673A-8140-29-0900-0001

1CD1673A-8140-29-0900-0002

1CD1673A-8140-29-0900-0003

1CD1673A-8140-29-0900-0004

1CD1673A-8140-PH-0000-0001

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2.2 CA/Company documents

None

2.3 Licensor Documents

None

2.4 Contractor Documents

Ref.

[14]. [15].

[16].

[17].

[18]. [19].

[20].

[21].

[22].

[23].

[24].

[25].

[26].

[27].

[28].

[29].

[30]. [31].

[32].

Document Title HSE General Specification Hydraulic Calculation – Fire Water and Foam Concentrate Demand Calculation Hydraulic Calculation – UG Fire Water Network Fire Protection General Layout - Fire and Gas Zones Fire Protection General Layout Technical and Supply Specification

Portable/Wheeled Fire Extinguishers and Accessories Technical and Supply Specification - Fixed Water Spray Systems Technical and Supply Specification - Fire Fighting Network Equipment and Accessories Technical and Supply Specification - Foam Systems Technical and Supply Specification - Safety Showers and Eye Washes Technical and Supply Specification Personnel Protective Equipment Technical and Supply Specification - Mobile Fire and First Aid Equipment Technical and Supply Specification - Fixed Gaseous Fire Extinguishing Systems Safety Datasheet - Portable/Wheeled Fire Extinguishers and Accessories Safety Datasheet Systems Safety Datasheet - Fire Fighting Network Equipment and Accessories Safety Datasheet - Foam Systems Safety Datasheet - Safety Showers and Eye Washes Safety Datasheet - Personnel Protective Equipment

• Fixed Water Spray

Document Code 4439-SZ-SG-000000001 4439-SZ-CH-100000002

4439-SZ-CH-100000001

4439-SX-DG-100000002

4439-SX-DG-100000001 4439-SS-SS-006004

4439-SS-SS-004003

4439-SS-SS-009007

4439-SS-SS-003002

4439-SS-SS-008006

4439-SS-SS-007005

4439-SS-SS-010001

4439-SS-SS-001008

4439-SS-FP-0060001

4439-SS-FP-0040001

4439-SS-FP-0090001

4439-SS-FP-0030002 4439-SS-FP-0080001

4439-SS-FP-0070001

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[33]. [34]. [35].

[36].

[37].

[38].

Safety Datasheet - Fire Water Jockey Pumps 4439-SG-FP-980P002 4439-SG-FP-980P001 Safety Datasheet - Fire Water Main Pumps 4439-SF-FP-980PK001 Safety Datasheet - Biocide and Corrosion Inhibitor Injection Package 980-PK-001 Safety Datasheet - Fire Water Tanks 980-S- 001A/B Safety Datasheet - Foam Storage Tank 980- S-002 Safety Datasheet - Foam Pumps

4439-SG-FP-980P003

4439-SC-FP-980S001

4439-SC-FP-980S002

2.5

International Code and Standards

Number API RP 2001 API RP 2030

NFPA 10 NFPA 11 NFPA 12 NFPA 13 NFPA 14 NFPA 15 NFPA 16 NFPA 17 NFPA 20 NFPA 30 NFPA 3M NFPA 58 NFPA 72 NFPA 80A

Title Fire Protection in Refineries Application of Fixed Water Spray Systems for Fire Protection in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries Portable Fire Extinguishers Low, Medium and High Expansion Foam Agent Systems Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems Installation of Sprinkler Systems Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection Installation of Foam/Water Sprinkler and Foam/Water Spray Systems Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code Manual on Hospital Emergency Preparedness Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code National Fire Alarm and Signalling Code Recommended Practice for Protection of Buildings from Exterior Fire Exposures Classification of Flammable and Combustible Liquids Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems

NFPA 321 NFPA 2001

2.6 Order of Precedence

The EPC project shall be carried out based on the contract documents and fulfilling the requirements of any applicable Local Standards and Regulations. The order of precedence to adopt for the development of the Detail Design shall strictly follow the below sequence, in a top-down order, applied to both the relevant contractual documents and the regulatory references:

1. The Contract body (the so-called Terms&Conditions) and all its annexes from Annex I to

Annex XXIII,

2. Local Regulations (for sake of clarity: the Algerian Law),
3. Applicable nationals and international norms, codes and standards (last edition).

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REMARKS:

a. Annex I prevails over all other Annexes; b. Within Annex I, the order of precedence is CEOT > DAO > Licensor / FEED documents.

Within the CEOT and DAO, the higher number prevails upon the lower number (chronological order from the latest to the earliest); In case of conflict within the documents found at the same level of precedence, the most stringent requirement prevails.

c.

3

ABBREVIATIONS

AFFF

FEED

LAB

LNG

LPG

DEV1

RA1K

DRIK

AFP

ARH

ASTM

API

NFPA

UL

FM

Aqueous Film Forming Foam

Front End Engineering Design

Linear Alkyl Benzene

Liquefied Natural Gas

Liquefied Petroleum Gas

New LAB complex

Skikda refinery

Skikda industrial area

Active Fire Protection

Autorité de Régulation des Hydrocarbures

American Society of Testing and Materials

American Petroleum Institute

National Fire Protection Association

Underwriters Laboratory

Factory Mutual

Realisation en EPC d’installations de production de Linear-Alkyl- Benzene (LAB) in Skikda Algeria Linear Alkyl-Benzene LAB plant SONATRACH DC-EPM

4

DEFINITIONS

PROJECT:

PLANT CA / COMPANY / Maitre de l’Ouvrage CONTRACTOR/ Entrepreneur TECHNOLOGY LICENSOR WORK

Tecnimont S.p.a.

HONEYWELL UOP

means all and any part of the works and services required to be performed by CONTRACTOR under the CONTRACT for the full and complete realization of the PLANT;

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VENDOR(S)

means any of CONTRACTOR’s and/or SUBCONTRACTORS’ supplier(s) of CONTRACTOR ITEM(S). VENDORS’ presence on WORKSITE may be required to assist CONTRACTOR and/or COMPANY installation, commissioning and start-up of such CONTRACTOR ITEMS and during the performance of PERFORMANCE TESTS.

the

for

SITE

special

spares,

including

construction

SUBCONTRACTOR

COMPANY ITEM(S) (if any)

AUTO IGNITION TEMPERATURE COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID (CLASS II or III)

CONTRACTOR ITEM(S) means any and all itemized and no itemized equipment and materials tools, commissioning spares and consumables to be incorporated into the PLANT or used during PLANT commissioning, start up or operations and necessary for the due performance of the WORK, in order to allow the complete realization of the PLANT and to be supplied by CONTRACTOR as set out in the CONTRACT and excluding only COMPANY ITEMS (if any); means any equipment and materials to be incorporated into the PLANT by CONTRACTOR and from time to time being supplied to CONTRACTOR by COMPANY; means any company or person, to whom CONTRACTOR has subcontracted directly or indirectly at any level the performance of any part of the WORK; means the onshore location where the PLANT is to be constructed and the vicinity thereof; The temperature at which a substance will begin to burn without any source of ignition. Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above 37.8°C, as determined by the test procedures and apparatus set forth in NFPA 30 Section 4.4. Combustible liquids are identified as Class II or Class III liquids and are further subdivided into Classes II, IIIA and IIIB (NFPA 30). Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point below 37.8°C, as determined by the test procedures and apparatus set forth in NFPA 30 Section 4.4, and a Reid vapor pressure that does not exceed an absolute pressure of 276 kPa at 37.8°C, as determined by ASTM D 323, Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method). Flammable liquids are identified as Class I liquids and are further subdivided into Classes IA, IB, and IC (NFPA 30). Fires are classified according to the following categories as per NFPA 10: Class A: a fire involving ordinary combustible such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, plastics, etc. Class B: a fire involving flammable or combustible liquids, oil, greases, tar and flammable gas Class C: a fire involving live electrical equipment Class D: a fire involving combustible metals Class K: a fire in cooking appliances that involve combustible cooking media (vegetable or animal oils and fats) The lowest temperature, corrected to a barometric pressure of 101.3kPa, at which the application of a source of ignition causes the vapor of the test portion to ignite and the flame to propagate across the surface of the liquid under the specified conditions of test.

FLAMMABLE LIQUID (CLASS I)

FIRE CLASSES

FLASH POINT

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LOWER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT (LEL)

MAXIMUM EXPLOSION PRESSURE UPPER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT (UEL)

The lowest concentration of a flammable gas or vapor in air at atmospheric pressure capable of being ignited (expressed as percentage by volume) The highest pressure that occurs during of an explosion of a flammable mixture. The concentration of flammable gas or vapor in air at atmospheric pressure above which combustion will not occur (expressed as percentage by volume).

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5

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

In order to fulfil its domestic needs in Linear-Alkyl-Benzene (LAB) used for the production of detergents and possibly export the excess to the international market, Sonatrach plans to build a new LAB production complex in Skikda (Algeria). The new complex will produce 100,000 tons of LAB per year and will be installed in the existing industrial zone of Skikda.

The LAB project includes the following installations located on four different sites:

• New LAB complex (DEV1 area):

The new LAB complex includes the following three process units for the production of N- Paraffins:  

(U-100) Prefractionation of Kerosene feedstock, (U-200) Kerosene Hydrotreating to remove sulfur, nitrogen and aromatics contaminants, (U-300) Molex unit to extract N-paraffins through adsorption.



LAB is then produced from N-Paraffins in the following four units:

   

(U-400) Pacol unit carrying out the dehydrogenation of n-paraffins to n-olefins, (U-500) Define unit carrying out the selective hydrogenation of di-olefins to n-olefins, (U-600) PEP unit removing the aromatics from the Pacol outlet stream, (U-700) Detal-Plus unit making alkylation of benzene with linear olefins to produce linear-alkyl-benzene LAB and separating the HAB by-product.

Utilities units consists of the following: • U 805 – Power Plant • U 810 - Fuel Gas and Natural Gas • U 840 – Industrial Water • U 830 - Nitrogen • U 820 – Service Air/Instrument Air • U 890 – Hot Oil system • U 835 – Hydrogen Production Unit • U 860 – BFW, steam and condensate • U 880 – Potable Water system • U 870 – Cooling Water system • U 850 – Water Demineralization system

Offsites units consists of the following:

• U 910 – Feedstock Kerosene and Benzene storage • U 920 – Intermediate and recycled products storage • U 930 – Final product storage • U 940 – Chemicals storage • U 950 – Flare system • U 960 – Drainage and effluents system • U 965 – Sour Water treatment system • U 970 – Waste Water system • U 980 – Fire Water system

• Skikda refinery RA1K: The project includes all the necessary facilities:

 To export from the RA1K refinery, Kerosene and Benzene to the new LAB complex,  To receive the by-products generated by the LAB complex.

• Skikda industrial area (DRIK):

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The project covers the interconnecting lines for raw materials, by-products, finished LAB product to the port and utilities.

• Port of Skikda: The project includes all the facilities necessary to load finished LAB product on ships.

Project references:

Client Project Location Official name of each site

SONATRACH LAB – EPC phase Skikda, Algeria LAB Complex (Zone DEV1) RA1K Refinery DRIK (Direction Régionale Industrielle de Skikda) Port (Zone Portuaire)

Figure 1 - Layout of Skikda industrial area showing sites

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Figure 2 - DEV1 area reserved for erection of LAB complex

6

FIREFIGHTING SYSTEM CONFIGURATION/DESCRIPTION.

Depending on the design requirements, process and service areas, buildings and other facilities can be protected by firefighting/extinguishing systems automatic or manual or a combination of both.

The active fire protection of the new units and structures of the Linear Alkyl-Benzene LAB plant project will be based on the following fixed, semi-fixed or mobile systems, as required and detailed in the following sections:

• Water supply systems (including storage, transportation network, pump stations). • Hydrants and hydrant cabinets (hose boxes). • Hose reels. • Monitors. • Deluge systems (water spray systems). • Sprinkler systems. • Water curtains. • Steam systems (including stationary and semi-stationary). • Foam systems (including storage and production installations, network, and associated

spraying systems).

• Automatic gas fire extinguishing systems.

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• Miscellaneous equipment, such as fire extinguishers (for powder, gas, handheld and wheeled)

and fire fighting vehicles.

7

DESIGN FEATURES

7.1 Extinguishing Agent Selection

The following sections provide an overview of the available extinguishing agents and their selection criteria; project-specific applications are described in detail in sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, and 7.6.

7.1.1 Water

Water is the most important agent for fire protection of the plant. Water can be used for the following purposes:

• To cool equipment metal surface by direct contact, therefore preventing distortion or rupture

from flame exposure or radiant heat.

• To control fire intensity by spraying water on equipment or area where a fire is likely to originate from leakage or where firefighting would be unusually difficult, in order to control the burning rate and thereby limit the release of heat from the fire until the fuel can be eliminated or extinguishment is achieved.

• To prevent ignition by spraying water to create curtains that segregate flammable gas clouds from the ignition sources or by quenching and cooling ignition sources (hot surfaces) below the ignition temperature of the flammable gas that can be present in the surrounding area.

• To prevent formation of flammable vapor clouds by dispersing leaks and spills and preventing

vapor travel.

Water can be successfully applied for the protection of hazards involving ordinary combustibles, Class A fires, some hazardous solids, gaseous materials and some liquid materials. For Class B fires, water is applied for some electrical hazards, such as oil transformers, oil switches, motors. On Class B fires it is often used only for cooling purposes or for preparation of foam.

However, water cannot be used for materials which react with it. In addition, water is not to be used on electric fires (because of conductivity) and on LPG or LNG fires (because it accelerates vaporization) Water is ineffective on water-soluble materials.

7.1.2 Foam

The fire suppression of liquid hydrocarbons is achieved by foam application. The efficiency of foam comes from its buoyancy and its ability to separate a flammable liquid surface from air and flames. Foam is a mixture of foam concentrate, water and air which produces a blanket that is lighter than flammable liquids and thus floats on them, forming a barrier between the flammable material and the air. Typical uses are for protection of retention areas, injection inside storage tanks, application on the rim of floating roof storage tanks. The foam can be applied from a foam or water/foam monitor, foam chambers or by external mobile firefighting equipment (e.g. fire truck). The selection of foam must take into account the compatibility between the foam and the combustible material to be extinguished. It is also necessary to ensure that sufficient foam is available to cover the entire area of a pool fire at once.

Foam is quite ineffective on three-dimensional fires, such as fires on structures, and is of almost no use in gas fires, because the gas is able to pass through the foam layer and burn above it. However, very high expansion foam may be useful for vapor leaks. Foam should not be used to fight electrical fires, as it is mainly made of water.

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7.1.3 Steam

Steam shall be used for the following purposes:

• To disperse leaking hydrocarbon gases; • To control local oil fires in their incipient stages; • To smother fire in confined spaces such as furnace header boxes and fire chambers.

7.1.4

Inert Gases

Carbon dioxide (CO2) or clean agent extinguishing gases can extinguish fires by restricting the atmospheric oxygen supply necessary for combustion or by acting as combustion inhibitors. Extinguishing gases have also the capability to remove heat from the burning material and surrounding atmosphere. Automatic gas fire extinguishing systems shall be used for fire protection of mechanical and electrical equipment where water is not permissible and for extinguishing of small internal fires. They are typically used in electrical substations, laboratories, turbine enclosures and machinery or instrument rooms. Carbon dioxide is not a toxic gas, but the discharge of CO2 at concentration required to extinguish a fire reduces the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere below the safety threshold. Therefore, adequate means must be put in place to ensure that personnel are not present when an enclosed space is flooded with CO2. CO2 does not extinguish fires involving materials containing their own oxygen supply and also some reactive materials such as metal hydrides. Clean agent gases can extinguish fires at a concentration that is still below the toxicity threshold.

7.1.5 Dry Chemicals

Dry chemicals are recognized for their effectiveness in extinguishing fires involving flammable gases or flammable liquids or combustible liquids. Dry chemicals are effective on small spill fires and can be safely used on live electrical equipment. However, the application of dry chemical powder may damage electrical equipment and, more generally, creates a problem of recovery and clean-up after discharge. It should therefore be avoided on fire involving computers or delicate or expensive instruments. Dry chemical or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers may be provided in in electrical and instrumental rooms. If there is a risk of re-ignition from embers or hot surfaces, these re-ignition sources should be quenched or cooled with water.

7.2 Fire Water System

7.2.1 Fire water source of supply

A dedicated Fire water system shall be installed in the new LAB plant. Fire water tanks shall be fed primarily with industrial water. Industrial water will be made available by Company, from the existing DRIK network fed by local provider ADE. Industrial water quality available on site is produced from a seawater desalination unit. The water supply must be oil free because also traces of oil act as a defoaming agent, having a deleterious effect on the production of firefighting foams. Firewater stored in fire water tanks shall be treated with Biocide and Corrosion inhibitor agent. A secondary source of Fire water is given by industrial water tank in unit U840. Fire water cannot be used for other purposes, it shall only be dedicated to firefighting equipment. Fire water, stored in dedicated tanks, is pumped by means of the fire water pumps and is supplied to the firefighting devices by means of the fire water network (fire water mains and rings). The fire water pumps and network will be designed to ensure a minimum water pressure at any point of the network.

7.2.2 Fire water storage

Fire water storage and supply system design shall assume that only one major fire will occur in the area covered by the fire protection system at a time. Fire water system shall be sufficient to supply fire water at the rate defined by the worst-case fire scenario for a minimum of 6 hours. The Fire water

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demand is determined by calculations, considering fire extinguishing / equipment cooling. These calculations are presented in Fire Water Demand Calculation document Ref. [15].

Two tanks will be provided, one main and one spare each one based on maximum 6 hours hold-up considering the worst-case fire scenario. The storage will be located in an area where they are not subject to fire exposure.

7.2.3 Pumping stations

A fire water pumping station will be provided at the LAB plant. The overall capacity of the pumping station and pump head must be sufficient for the supply of:

• Water hydrants. • Water monitors. • Water hose reels. • Fixed water spray systems. • Water sprinklers. • Water-foam extinguishing devices. • Fire fighting vehicles.

The fire water pumping station shall include as a minimum:

• Two electrical Jockey pumps (2 x 100%) nominal capacity 30m3/h. The jockey pumps are installed to maintain a minimum pressure of 4 barg at all time. These pumps are driven by electrical motors. The control for manual remote start of the pump is provided by local push- buttons.

• Two electrical centrifugal pumps (2 x 50%) and two diesel driven centrifugal pump (2 x 50%). The worst-case fire scenario for the installation as defined in the Fire Water Demand Calculation Ref. [15] is covered by the operation of the electrical pumps. The remaining diesel pumps are spare in case one or two of the electrical pumps fail.

The discharge pressure of the fire water pumps shall be defined such that the minimum pressure at any point in the fire water network is 8 barg (at grade). Fire Water Pumps shall be designed according to NFPA 20.

For further detail on Fire Water Pumps refer to Ref. [33][34]

The fire water requirements for Port facilities and Skikda Refinery (R1K) shall be provided by the respective existing fire water pumping stations.

7.2.4 Fire water network

Fire water main is used to transport water from the fire water pumps to the users (hydrants, monitors, hose reels, deluge valves, sprinkler control valves, etc.). The fire water network shall always be strictly independent of the other water networks (raw water, drinking water, cooling water, etc.) and shall only be used for firefighting purposes.

Fire water mains shall be filled (wet system) from the fire pumps, up to the users (deluge valves, monitor block valve, etc.). Fire water mains shall be designed to supply fire water to all facilities within the installations likely to be exposed to a fire. The fire water main capacity must ensure:

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• Outdoor and indoor fire extinguishing of buildings and process, utility and storage facilities. • Operation of fixed and mobile fire protection systems. • Supply to water and foam fire protection units.

The above capacity must be supplied with the required rates and heads 6 hours plus other 6 hours of reserve of water supply for design fire extinguishing. Water pressure at any point of fire water main ring shall be maintained by the jockey pumps. The network design pressure will be in accordance with fire water network piping class.

Fire water main is arranged around units / fire zones in the form of rings, so that each ring and any area within a fire zone can be supplied with water coming from two opposite directions. Fire water main should be installed outside the dike areas.

The pipe sizes in the fire water mains network shall be calculated based on design flow rate to give the required pressure at the firefighting equipment even when one of the supply branches of the loop is blocked. The maximum allowable velocity in the fire water mains shall be 3.5 – 4.5 m/s during normal operation. The minimum line size for underground fire main piping feeding hydrants, monitors or spray systems shall be 6”. The above ground pipe material shall be Carbon Steel for wet portions and hot dip galvanized Carbon Steel for dry portions. Underground pipe material shall be in compliance with NFPA 24.

Fire water network must be equipped with valves to allow blocking of individual sections and with connections to carry out tests, periodical examinations, flushing and air discharge during the initial filling. It is also allowed to use portable hoses for air discharge.

Block valves shall be provided to isolate portions of the network in the event of any piping failure or maintenance activity.

The fire water network has block valves arranged in such a way that any section of the network affected by a rupture can be isolated without affecting the water supply to other sections of the network. As a general rule, the number and block valves follow the common principle of “N-1”: a 4-way node is equipped with 3 valves, a 3-way node is equipped with 2 valves. In addition, the block valves are also installed on the fire water network in such a way that there cannot be more than 3 major consumers (deluge valve, lance monitor etc.) isolated simultaneously.

Permanent flushing connections of at least 6” with block valve shall be installed on fire main piping system, to enable appropriate flushing of fire main piping at strategic locations.

A new fire water network shall be designed for the new LAB project. Fire protection of facilities provided at Port and Skikda Refinery shall be connected to the respective existing fire water networks as required.

7.2.5 Hydrants and hose boxes

Hydrants shall be used for protection of the following facilities:

• Outdoor units and equipment containing combustible gases, flammable and combustible liquids

and liquefied hydrocarbon gases,

• Spheres, bullets and tanks containing liquefied hydrocarbon gases and flammable and combustible liquids located in crude, products and intermediate storage facilities (tank farms), • Outdoor truck loading / unloading racks of flammable and combustible liquids and those located under shelters, and rack of liquefied hydrocarbon gases (rack structures and truck tanks).

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Hydrant location and spacing shall be established in accordance with the following provisions:

• A sufficient number of hydrants will be provided at strategic positions to cover all outdoor

installations.

• Hydrants should have permanent connection to the fire water main and should allow

connections of the fire fighting vehicles.

• Hydrants shall be located on the road side, at a safety distance of 1.5 m, so that the required

length of the suction hose between the hydrant and fire truck shall not exceed 4.5 m.

• Hydrant spacing shall comply with the following guidelines:

o Buildings and Workshops

Maximum hydrant spacing at buildings and workshops shall be 70 m as measured along roadways or access ways between the hydrants.

o Process Areas

Maximum hydrant spacing at process shall be 45 m along access ways or roadways.

o Utility Areas

Maximum hydrant spacing at utility areas shall be 90 m along access ways or roadways.

o Tankage Areas

As far as tankage areas are concerned, the number and location of hydrants for tank protection of crude and intermediate storage facilities containing liquefied hydrocarbon gas or flammable and combustible liquids must be defined on the basis of the requirement to reach each point of a tank with two water streams, or with one water stream in case of availability of a deluge system. In any case, for storage facilities containing liquefied hydrocarbon gas the maximum hydrant spacing shall be 45 m, while for all other storage facilities it shall be 90 m.

o Loading and Unloading Bays

Maximum hydrant spacing at loading/unloading facilities shall be 45 m.

o All Areas

The number of hydrants shall be sufficient to reach any protected equipment by a hose stream with no more than 75 m of hose length from either of two directions.

•

In addition to the above arrangement criteria, hydrants shall be arranged based on the following, considering a line failure of the fire main:

o Process and Utility Areas

The full fire water requirements of the area can be still supplied from hydrants on the remaining fire main(s). All equipment to be protected shall be covered by more than two hydrants on remaining fire main(s) within 120 m from the equipment.

o Tankage Areas

The full fire water requirements of the area can be still supplied from hydrants on the remaining fire main(s). At least one hydrant still remains within 120 m of any tank.

• Hydrant guard posts shall be provided for hydrants installed along roads and railways. • Hydrants shall be located at least 15 m away from any equipment to be protected. If this is not

practical, the equipment shall be covered by at least another hydrant.

• Hydrants shall be placed at least 5 m from the building protected in principle. • Hydrants shall be fitted with outlet valves and suitable hose couplings and, where needed, suitable valved or un-valved pumper connections. A two-way hydrant shall have a 4” riser; a four-way hydrant with pumper connections shall have a 6” riser.

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Location of fire hydrant cabinets shall be in accordance with the following guidelines:

• Location of cabinets in process plant and utility area shall be chosen so that one hose box is

•

available for two hydrants located at the periphery of process plants and utility area. In other areas such as tankage, loading, building area, etc., hose boxes shall be strategically located.

Fire hydrant cabinets will contain as a minimum hoses and water nozzles. For further details on Hydrant typology and Hose boxes content refer to Ref. [19][27].

7.2.6 Hose reels

Hose reels can be put in service more quickly than hydrants, as they have a solid and flexible hose permanently connected to the firewater main and ready for use at any time. For this reason, hose reels are used as the first line of defense against small fires or fires in their initial stage. Hose reels shall be used for protection of the following facilities:

• Non process building not dedicated to housing electrical equipment, such as administrative

buildings.

• Warehouse and workshop. • Process Buildings.

Hose reels installation shall be established in accordance with the following provisions:

•

In buildings, hose reels shall be located so that each point of the protected building can be reached with at least two straight water streams.

• Hose reels should be installed on the floors they are designed to protect. • Hose reels shall be safely accessed also during a fire in order to allow their use without

exposing the fire fighters to hazards.

• Hose reels shall have permanent connections to the fire water main. • Hose reels will be provided with a combination of straight stream/fog nozzles. Switch from

straight stream mode to fog mode shall be possible during operation. In buildings, hoses with a length of 30 m and a diameter of ¾” to 1” are installed.

• • Care shall be taken to ensure water supply also in cold weather. Hoses shall be properly drained down after use to avoid freezing of trapped water which may prevent future use of the device.

For further details on Hose reels refer to the Ref. [19][27].

7.2.7 Monitors

Water monitors (fixed, portable, trailer or truck mounted) are used to direct a large amount of water (typically around 120 m3/h at 7 barg) onto equipment, such as pumps, loading/unloading racks, tanks, for cooling purposes or to act as water curtains to isolate equipment from an adjacent fire hazard. Monitors shall be used for protection (both cooling and fire extinguishing) of the following facilities:

• Equipment, pipelines and structures in outdoor explosion or fire hazard process areas. • Loading and unloading racks. • Tanks (all types) containing flammable and combustible liquids (mainly for cooling). • Oil transformers. • Belt conveyors. • Cooling towers.

Installation, location and spacing of monitors shall be established in accordance with the following guidelines:

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• Monitors shall have permanent connections to the fire water network and should allow

connection to pumps mounted on fire trucks or to portable pumps.

• Monitors shall be possibly coupled with hydrants. • Monitors shall be capable of quick maneuvering of the water jet in horizontal plane in the range

of 360° and in vertical plane in the range from minus 15° to plus 75°.

• Monitors have an effective range of 35 to 45 m. This distance has to be taken into account to

assess if the protected equipment can be reached from the chosen monitor location.

• The effect of wind shall be taken into account while positioning the monitors, as cross winds or

adverse winds are able to significantly reduce their operating range.

• Elevated monitors may be considered when protection of high equipment is required or when

obstacles prevent reaching the equipment to protect.

• Monitors can be manually or remotely controlled. In case of remotely controlled monitors, the

operating panel shall be located upwind and at safe distance from the potential fire.

• Manual monitors can be locked in position for unattended operation. • Each monitor will be provided with combination straight stream/fog nozzle. Switch from straight stream mode to fog mode shall be possible during monitor operation. When operating in fog mode, the monitor range is reduced.

• When a monitor is to be used for foam application, a specific type of foam monitor shall be installed. When foam/water monitors are required for a given location, a double gun type, one for water application and one for foam application, shall be provided. The range of foam monitors is smaller than that of water monitors and is typically 30 m

Number and arrangement of monitors shall comply with the following guidelines:

• Outdoor Installations (Process and Utility Areas)

o Monitors shall be located so that each point of the protected equipment can be reached

with at least two straight water streams. o Monitors shall be installed outside structures. o The minimum distance between the monitors and the equipment under protection is 15m. If this minimum distance cannot be respected, the monitors may be placed closer to process equipment containing highly flammable and combustible fluids or LPG, providing backup monitor or heat radiation shields or remotely controlled monitors; however the distance shall not be less than 10 m.

o The maximum distance from the protected equipment will be dictated by the monitor

range and generally shall not exceed 30 m.

• Tankage Areas and Loading / Unloading Bays

o The number and location of monitors for protection of tankage and loading/unloading facilities must be defined on the basis of the requirement to reach each point of the protected equipment with two water streams. If a storage tank is equipped with a deluge system, the number and location of monitors can be defined on the basis of the requirement to reach each point of the protected tank with one water stream as a minimum.

o

For further details on fire water monitors refer to the Ref. [21][29].

7.2.8 Deluge systems (Water spray systems)

Deluge systems, also often referred to as water spray systems, are fixed pipe networks (usually ring- shaped) connected to a reliable source of fire-fighting water and equipped with open nozzles to allow uniform distribution over a surface or area to be protected.

Deluge system shall be designed according to NFPA 15.

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Deluge systems shall be used for protection (cooling) of the following facilities:

• Aboveground fixed roof tanks and internal floating screen tanks containing Class I, Class II and Class III liquids heated at or within 8°C of their flash point or receiving heat radiation from adjacent fire in excess of 12.5 kW/m2 (i.e. 15 m from the perimeter of the pool fire); water monitors may be a suitable alternative.

• Loading/unloading racks for flammable and combustible liquids, including LPG, C4 and lighter

liquids.

• Process equipment which cannot be protected with monitors. • Process equipment containing 5 m3 or more of LPG, C4 and lighter liquids or flammable and

combustible liquids.

• Compressors which are considered fire potential equipment. • Pumps handling LPG or hydrocarbons above their autoignition temperature.

A detailed list of items to be protected by deluge systems will be reported in fire water hydraulic calculation and firefighting layouts (Ref. [18]). For further details on Deluge system refer to the Ref. [20][28].

7.2.9 Sprinkler systems

Fixed water sprinkler systems are devices where a temperature sensitive element opens in individual heads to sprinkle water on the heat source. One or more heads can open, depending on the dimension of the fire. However, the sprinkler systems are designed considering that only a limited number of heads are in operation at the same time.

Sprinkler system shall be designed according to NFPA 13.

In Table 7-1are reported the buildings that should foresee the protection with Sprinklers systems:

Table 7-1: Building to protect with sprinklers

COMPANY ITEM TAG 153030-BLD303 153040-BLD304 Restaurant building

BUILDING NAME Training Building

152040-BLD204 Hab Drum Filling Building

152030-BLD203 Warehouse Chemical

Products

152021-BLD202 Maintenance Workshop

Building

152022-BLD202 Warehouse Spare Parts

PROTECTED ROOM

• AUDITORIUM • CANTEEN • CAFETERIA • FULL BARRELS STORAGE • DOCK PLATFORM • WAREHOUSE

• MACHINE TOOL WORKSHOP • BOILER MAKING WORKSHOP • REPAIR WORKSHOP • MECHANICAL VALVE WORKSHOP • LOGISTICS WORKSHOP • TOOLS WORKSHOP • WAREHOUSE SPARE PARTS • CHEMICAL SHELVING • SHELVING SMALL PARTS

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In addition to the above, according to NFPA 20 Diesel Fire Water Pumps shall be protected by sprinkler system.

For further details on sprinkler systems refer to the Ref. [20][28].

7.2.10 Water curtains

The purpose of the water curtain is to isolate a possible gas release from the ignition source. the curtain prevents the gas cloud from reaching an ignition source such as a high-temperature surface. Water curtains are installed around the fired heaters to prevent possible entry of gas Water curtain system shall be designed according to NFPA 13.

Spray nozzles shall be arranged so that water can generate an efficient water curtain. It is recommended to install large downwards facing flat jet nozzles because this type of nozzles has a large spray angle and is simple to install and maintain. Vertical spacing between nozzle rows shall be less than 5 m. Water curtains require a flow rate of more than 37 (l/min)/m up to 50 (l/min)/m (for each row), with no nozzle discharging less than 56.8 l/min. Water shall be supplied at a minimum pressure of 5 barg.

If automatic intervention of the water curtain is foreseen, the system is equipped with integrated fire detectors.

A detailed list of items to be protected by deluge system water curtains will be reported in fire water hydraulic calculation and firefighting layouts (Ref. [18]). For further details on sprinkler systems refer to the Ref. [20][28].

7.3 Foam System

Storage tank area is equipped with fixed foam system with the purpose to extinguish a potential fire According to NFPA 11, Firefighting means of storage area consist of a combination of primary means and secondary means. The primary firefighting means of the storage area consist of dedicated foam modules feeding Low expansion AFFF 3% foam solution fixed outlets provided on the tank top. Tanks equipped with fixed system are:

• Kerosene feed storage tanks (910-S-001 A/B). • Benzene feed storage tanks (910-S-002 A/B). • Benzene drag storage (920-S-003). • Return kerosene storage (920-S-001A/B). • Normal Paraffines storage tank (920-S-002). • Slop and off spec product storage tank (920-S-004). • Final product and expedition storage (930-S-001 A/B, 700-S-002, 700-S-001A/B, 930-S-

002A/B, 930-S-003A/B).

• UOP chemical storage Tanks (300-S-001, 300-S-002, 300-S-003).

In addition to the above, as a secondary firefighting means, foam solution shall also be applied by Fire Truck that shall be equipped with at least two foam hose reels. Each hose reel shall have a solution application rate of at least 190 lpm with a duration of 30 minutes. Simultaneous operation of the hose reels shall be considered for the design. Further to the above, two foam trolley fire extinguisher units shall be provided at storage tank area to allow extinguishing small fires or prevent their propagation during the time between the alarm and the

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arrival of the firefighters (Fire truck). For further details on foam systems refer to the Ref. [22][30].

7.4 Steam System

Fired Heaters and furnaces shall be provided with a dedicated steam system designed and installed be item Vendor.

7.5 Gas Extinguishing System

7.5.1

Inert gas extinguishing system

The inert gas extinguishing system is intended for the protection of substations, the control building and the technical and laboratory building for rooms containing electrical and instrumentation equipment that can be damaged by the application of water and that are not constantly monitored by the operators. The cable cellar should only be protected if it is totally enclosed.

In Table 7-2 are reported all the Buildings and rooms that shall be protected:

Table 7-2: Building to protect

COMPANY ITEM TAG 151010-US101

BUILDING NAME US-001 - Main Substation

151020-US102

US-002 - Substation

151030-US003

US-003 & RIB-003 - Substation & RIB

151040-US004

US-004 & RIB-001 - Substation & RIB

151050-US005

US-005 & RIB-002 - Substation & RIB

152010-MCB201 MCB - Main Control

Building

152060-BLD206

Laboratory building

PROTECTED ROOM

• SWITCH GEAR ROOM • GIS ROOM • BATTERY ROOM • TELECOM ROOM • CAPACITOR ROOM • CABLE CELLAR ROOM • SWITCH GEAR ROOMS • BLAST PROOF SWITCH GEAR ROOM • CABLE CELLAR ROOM • BLAST PROOF CABLE CELLAR ROOM • BLAST PROOF BATTERY ROOM • SWITCH GEAR ROOM • RIB ROOM • BATTERY ROOM • SWITCH GEAR ROOM • RIB ROOM • BATTERY ROOM • SWITCH GEAR ROOM • RIB ROOM • BATTERY ROOM • TELECOM ROOM • INSTRUMENT TECHNICAL ROOM • ELECTRICAL PANEL ROOM &UPS • BATTERY ROOM • ELECTRICAL ROOM • ELECTRICAL ROOM WITH BATTERY

The extinguishing gas to be used will be IG55 type (Argonite) for Main Control Building and Laboratory and carbon dioxide (CO2) for Substations. Each system shall be sized according to NFPA 2001 and

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NFPA 12 respectively. In particular, each system shall include an additional reserve equal to 100% of the demand. The design shall be done on the final configuration of the building. It should be noted that the false floor and ceiling volumes, where present, if not compartmentalized with respect to the room volume, should be considered as one protected volume.

For further detail on inert gas extinguishing system refer to Ref. [21][29].

7.5.2 Turbine and EDG

Turbine enclosures and emergency diesel generators (EDG) shall be equipped with an automatic gas extinguishing system. These systems are provided by the suppliers of the different machines. The extinguishing gas used will be carbon dioxide (CO2). Each system is sized according to NFPA 12. Each system will include an additional CO2 reserve equal to 100% of the demand.

7.6 Fire Extinguishers

In addition to the fixed firefighting means, field area and buildings also include mobile devices available at any time. The types of extinguishers used are as follows:

• Portable Powder Extinguisher 9 kg Class A/B/C inside buildings including HVAC rooms and

distributed on field areas except for those areas where “electrical fire” could develop.

• Wheeled Powder Extinguisher 50 kg Class A/B/C near transformer bays and near high-risk

areas.

• Portable CO2 Extinguisher 5 kg Class C for electrical fires and HVAC rooms • Portable Wet Chemical Fire Extinguisher 6L Class K • Minimum rating for Class A shall be 4-A • Minimum rating for Class B shall be 80-B • Minimum rating for Class C shall be same as Class A or B.

Fire extinguishers shall be located in strategic places in well visible locations along escape ways and exit from areas according to NFPA standard nr 10:

• Portable extinguishers for Class A and C Hazards shall be provided in such a way that maximum floor area protected by an extinguisher is 370 m2 and the travel distance to the nearest extinguisher will be less than 22 meters.

• Portable extinguishers for Class B Hazards shall be provided in such a way that the travel

distance to the nearest extinguisher will be less than 15 meters.

• Wheeled Powder Extinguishers shall be located in designated locations where high risk is

present.

• Portable Wet Chemical Fire Extinguisher class k shall be located such that the maximum travel

distance shall not exceed 9.1 m from the hazard.

For further detail on fire extinguishers system refer to Ref. [21][29].

8

INTERVENTION AND RESCUE VEHICLES

The new LAB complex is equipped with several intervention vehicles adapted to the nature of the risks in this type of industrial installation. They are available at any time to intervene on site to reinforce the site’s fixed fire-fighting resources. The following vehicles are planned on site:

• Fire Fighting truck. • Ambulance.

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Project: Q-32976 - Tecnmont SKIKDA Folder: Reference Documents